In high frequency (HF) surgery, the neutral electrode (otherwise known as the return electrode, ground pad) is critical in unipolar applications because it closes the circuit between the patient and the radio frequency (RF) generator. Here are the reasons why neutral electrodes are essential in unipolar electrosurgery, and the key points to consider when placing them :
1. Current reflux and circuit closure
In monopolar electrosurgery applications, the current is output from a high-frequency generator and conducted through the surgical tool to the patient's tissue to produce the effect of cutting or coagulation. After the current passes through the patient's body, a return path is needed to avoid accidental current retention in the tissue.
The neutral electrode provides this return path, allowing the current to safely return to the generator, closing the circuit. This prevents electrical currents from "wandering" through the body, thus reducing the risk of tissue damage and accidental burns.
2. Avoid burn risks
The neutral electrode ensures that the current returns from a large, uniform contact surface to reduce the current density at the contact point. The low current density distribution reduces heat buildup in a single area on the patient's skin, preventing accidental burns.
If the neutral electrode is not properly placed or the contact area is insufficient, it may cause heat concentration, which can cause burns. This is why the placement of neutral electrodes is crucial when using unipolar devices.
3. Precautions for the placement of neutral electrodes
Location selection: The neutral electrode should be placed as close to the surgical site as possible and in a large, flat muscle area to ensure good contact and even current distribution. Avoid bone protrusions, joints, and hair-covered areas.
Skin contact and cleanliness: The patient's skin should be kept clean and dry to ensure a good fit of the neutral electrode and avoid current concentration caused by moisture under the skin.
Contact check: Modern electrosurgical devices are often equipped with neutral electrode contact quality monitoring (NEM), which warns of poor contact. This helps to further reduce the risk of burns.
4. Install and monitor correctly
The neutral electrode must be properly connected and its position verified before the procedure begins. In addition, the monitoring system can detect poor contact and prompt prompt adjustment or replacement of electrodes.
Ensuring patient safety and reducing the risk of accidental thermal injury through the correct use of neutral electrodes is a key step in high-frequency surgery. Goceng medical guarantees compliance of the neutral electrodes and confirms the safety and health of patients .
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